Alienacja Rodzicielska (wg Gardnera za Wiki En)

Poniższy tekst to obszerny cytat ze wstępu do opracowania terminu Syndrom Alienacji Rodzicielskiej znajdującego się w Wikipedia En. Linki w tekście są zachowane tak jak w oryginalnym tekście na stronie angielskiej Wikipedii.

Parental alienation syndrome (abbreviated as PAS) is term coined by Richard A. Gardner in the early 1980s to refer to what he describes as a disorder in which a child, on an ongoing basis, belittles and insults one parent without justification, due to a combination of factors, including indoctrination by the other parent (almost exclusively as part of a child custody dispute) and the child’s own attempts to denigrate the target parent.^[1] Gardner introduced the term in a 1985 paper, describing a cluster of symptoms he had observed during the early 1980s.^[1]

Parental alienation syndrome is not recognized as a disorder by the medical or legal communities and Gardner’s theory and related research have been extensively criticized by legal and mental health scholars for lacking scientific validity and reliability.^{[2][3][4][5][6]} However, the separate but related concept of parental alienation, the estrangement of a child from a parent, is recognized as a dynamic in some divorcing families.^[2][7][8]

The admissibility of PAS has been rejected by an expert review panel and the Court of Appeal of England and Wales in the United Kingdom and Canada’s Department of Justice recommends against its use, but has appeared in some family court disputes in the United States.^[9][10]Gardner portrayed PAS as well accepted by the judiciary and having set a variety of precedents, but legal analysis of the actual cases indicates this claim was incorrect.^[6]

No professional association has recognized PAS as a relevant medical syndrome or mental disorder, and it is not listed in the American Psychiatric Association‘s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. It is not listed in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems of WHO.

Pełny tekst opracowania w języku angielskim dostępny tutaj:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parental_alienation_syndrome

Trochę inne ujęcie problemu “alienacji dziecka” tutaj:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parental_alienation

Uprzejmie przepraszam każdego zainteresowanego, który nie włada językiem angielskim. Proponuję skorzystanie z pomocy internetowych maszynek do tłumaczeń, np. Google Translate. Żargonowe pojęcia niestety nie będą jednak trafnie tłumaczone. Trzeba się wówczas podeprzeć słownikami, w tym internetowymi które często najlepiej oddają znaczenia kontekstowe.

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